A Pennsylvania state judge ruled on Monday that Elon Musk’s controversial $1 million-a-day giveaway to swing state voters can proceed, just one day before the highly anticipated U.S. presidential election between Democratic Vice President Kamala Harris and Republican candidate Donald Trump. The ruling follows a surprising day of courtroom testimony, during which Musk’s aide admitted that the political group behind the giveaway selected the contest winners, contrary to Musk’s previous statements that winners would be chosen randomly.

Musk’s political group, America PAC, launched the high-stakes contest on October 19. The initiative is open to registered voters in seven battleground states—Arizona, Georgia, Michigan, Nevada, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin—who sign a petition supporting free speech and gun rights. To date, Musk, the CEO of Tesla and the world’s richest man, has already given away $16 million as part of the campaign. The final winner, hailing from Michigan, is set to be announced on Election Day.

Philadelphia District Attorney Larry Krasner, a Democrat, filed a lawsuit on October 28 to block the contest in Pennsylvania, arguing that the cash giveaways constituted an illegal lottery with vague and shifting rules. Krasner also indicated his intent to seek financial penalties against America PAC. Despite these concerns, Judge Angelo Foglietta issued a brief written order denying Krasner’s request to halt the contest, with a promise to elaborate on his reasoning in a forthcoming statement.

During Monday’s court session, testimony revealed discrepancies between Musk’s public portrayal of the contest and the actual process used to select winners. Chris Young, director of America PAC, testified that winners were chosen from a pool of individuals who participated in video submissions and permitted the PAC to use their likenesses. Young further explained that these candidates were vetted through social media reviews and in-person interactions outside event venues.

This admission ran counter to Musk’s statements at an October 19 Trump rally, where he described the giveaway as a random selection process. Krasner’s lawyer, John Summers, argued that this discrepancy indicated not only an illegal lottery but also a potential fraud. “If their story is true, it’s one of the greatest scams of the last 50 years,” Summers said.

The court was shown a video of Musk at the rally, in which he promised random selections and added that “all we ask” is that winners serve as spokespeople for America PAC. Young testified that he was surprised by Musk’s characterization of the contest as random and acknowledged that winners had signed non-disclosure agreements barring them from discussing the specifics of their contracts.

Musk’s lawyer, Andy Taylor, pushed back against Krasner’s claims, framing the lawsuit as an infringement on free speech rights. “They’re trying to restrain citizens of Pennsylvania from signing a free speech and right to bear arms petition,” Taylor argued during closing statements.

Musk has positioned himself as a key supporter of Trump, having provided nearly $120 million to America PAC for voter mobilization and registration efforts, according to federal filings. His financial backing is particularly influential, as Trump’s campaign has heavily relied on outside groups for canvassing and voter outreach. Pennsylvania, with its 19 electoral votes, is seen as a critical state that could determine the outcome of the election.

The legal boundaries of the giveaway remain unclear. Election law experts are divided on whether the campaign’s structure constitutes a violation of federal laws that prohibit paying individuals to register to vote. While the U.S. Department of Justice has reportedly issued warnings to America PAC, federal prosecutors have yet to take public action against the initiative.

Prosecutors allege that the PAC's actions, described by Musk as a means of promoting voter participation, may cross into territory that violates election laws designed to prevent undue influence on voter registration. With the election just a day away, the final implications of this legal battle are yet to be seen.

Judge Foglietta’s ruling permits Musk’s giveaway to continue as planned, potentially affecting voter dynamics in key swing states. However, the legal and ethical questions surrounding the contest could prompt further investigations, especially if it is found to have influenced voter behavior in ways that contravene federal election laws.